Endocrine Glands and Hormones Endocrine Glands and Hormones Examples: Additional Gland Types (for clarity): Properties of Hormones Human Endocrine System Other Hormone-Producing Organs: “The study of endocrine glands and hormones is called endocrinology.” 1. Hypothalamus 2. Pituitary Gland Structural Division:…
Neural vs. Endocrine System Introduction In humans, coordination and integration of body activities are carried out jointly by two systems: Neural System Basics The neural system of animals is made up of specialised cells called neurons, which can detect, receive,…
Locomotion and Types of Movement Movement in Living Beings Locomotion Link Between Movement and Locomotion Need for Locomotion Types of Movement Amoeboid (Pseudopodial) Movement Ciliary Movement Flagellar Movement Muscular Movement Muscles Introduction Types of Muscles Structure of Skeletal Muscle Muscle…
Excretion Process & Structures Introduction Nitrogenous Wastes Nitrogen metabolism produces three major types of wastes: Modes of Excretion Based on the type of nitrogenous waste excreted, animals are classified as: Excretory Structures in Animals Different animals possess different excretory organs…
Blood “Blood is the most common transport fluid in higher organisms, while lymph assists in transport of certain substances.” Blood “Blood is a slightly alkaline fluid with a pH around 7.4.” 1. Plasma “Plasma is slightly alkaline in nature and…
Breathing and Respiratory Organs Importance of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Breathing and Respiration Breathing is also called pulmonary ventilation. Respiratory Organs in Different Animals Different animals have evolved different respiratory organs depending on their habitat and body organisation. Vertebrates: Human…
Growth Introduction Development = Growth + Differentiation. Seed Germination Growth 1. Plant Growth is Indeterminate This continuous addition of new cells by meristems is known as the open form of growth. 2. Growth is Measurable 3. Phases of Growth 4.…
Respiration Why is Breathing Important? How Do Living Organisms Get Energy? Energy from Food Photosynthesis vs. Respiration How Does Respiration Work? Importance of ATP Respiration Equation Do Plants Breathe? Plants do not have specialised breathing organs like animals, but they…
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Cell Cycle Introduction Phases of Cell Cycle 1. Interphase 2. M Phase (Mitosis phase) Duration of Cell Cycle Cell Division in Animals and Plants M Phase Overview 1. Prophase 2. Metaphase 3. Anaphase Different shapes of chromosomes (V, L, J,…
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